Education
Ph.D. 1985, Iowa State University, Major: Rural Sociology, Dissertation: Family Farming: Persistence, Decline or Transformation?
M.S. 1981, Iowa State University, Major: Rural Sociology, Thesis: Voluntary Association Participation and the Adoption of Innovations
B.S. 1975, North Dakota State University, Major: Social Science; Minors: Sociology & Political Science.